開戰第二站才潑此文............算是遲到了.......哈.......
與往年一樣........不只是機器技術規則(technical regulation)層面......還有競賽規則(sporting regulation)都有修改........
----------
輪胎.......
之前也寫過2007輪胎規則..在米芝連退下之後.....形成"普通"胎獨家的one tire mack race........
乾地胎由普利私通供應兩種.......競爭趨緩而車隊研發成本得以降低.......但是有多項交叉規則如option tyre選配軟胎...使操控上在不同的用胎時段會有不同表現.......
一場比賽會有兩種軟硬規格乾地胎.......且一場比賽中軟硬兩種規格胎都要用...(雨天除外)....軟胎則加上白色胎紋線以供裁判辨識...
2007年輪胎修改內容....
修改一級方程式賽程中三天所使用的輪胎之規定...
由一台機器(俗稱"賽車")在三天當中共計使用七套胎(7 set).......改成星期五四套...星期六和星期日十套....總共十四套胎....
還有.....依天氣變化..可以使用濕地胎(wet tire)四套...雨胎extreme weather tire(大雨用的深溝胎)三套....... 這些是沿襲去年規定.......
(所謂的套set.....是指前輪2條........後輪2條共四條........)
制造之輪胎之compound配方有四種......但是一場比賽將只供應兩種........某些賽車場是使用選配輪胎(軟胎)........在其他的賽車場也可能會使用control tire(硬胎)............
*選配性輪胎"option"tire上要加上白線.....在巴林站中軟胎已看到胎面中央有一條白線.....
*一場比賽中規定要用到軟硬規格之兩種輪胎......
那有人問如果前後軟硬不同(或左右?!)可不可以?.....嗯嗯.......尚待查證......也許下一站就有結果出現..........
我是還沒注意到McLaren車在巴林站的輪胎狀況.....目前為止似乎沒有消息指出FIA收到檢舉之新聞.......但也可能已經在檢討了?.....在有進一步消息前...只能說在觀察中...
不過如果以一套胎包括前二後二的話( 25.3條 Quantity of tyres:A set of tyres will be deemed to comprise two front and two rear tyres all of which must be of the same specification)......
要是嚴格硬要執法的話...這已經不合規定可能受罰......
不過目前的罰則只有說未標示才罰(25.4 Control of tyres:e)The use of tyres without appropriate identification may result in deletion of the relevant driver's qualifying time or exclusion from the race.)...
FIA Rules & Regulations Sporting Regulations 2007
25) SUPPLY OF TYRES IN THE CHAMPIONSHIP AND TYRE LIMITATION DURING THE EVENT
25.1 Supply of tyres :
a) Any tyre company wishing to supply tyres to Formula One teams must notify the FIA of its intention to
do so no later than 1 January preceding the year during which such tyres will be supplied.
Any tyre company wishing to cease the supply of tyres to Formula One teams must notify the FIA of
its intention to do so no later than 1 January of the year preceding that in which such tyres were to be
supplied.
b) No tyre may be used in the Championship unless the company supplying such tyre accepts and
adheres to the following conditions :
- one tyre supplier present in the Championship : this company must equip 100% of the entered
teams on ordinary commercial terms and make available identical quantities and specifications
of tyres to all teams during a calendar year ;
- two tyre suppliers present : each of them must, if called upon to do so, be prepared to equip up
to 60% of the entered teams on ordinary commercial terms ;
- three or more tyre suppliers present : each of them must, if called upon to do so, be prepared to
equip up to 40% of the entered teams on ordinary commercial terms ;
- each tyre supplier must undertake to provide no more than two specifications of dry-weather
tyre at each Event, each of which must be of one homogenous compound and visibly
distinguishable from one another when a car is on the track. Any modification or treatment,
other than heating, carried out to a tyre or tyres will be considered a change of specification ;
- each tyre supplier must undertake to provide no more than one specification of wet-weather tyre
at each Event which must be of one homogenous compound ;
- each tyre supplier must undertake to provide no more than one specification of extreme-weather
tyre at each Event which must be of one homogenous compound ;
- if, in the interests of maintaining current levels of circuit safety, the FIA deems it necessary to
reduce tyre grip, it shall introduce such rules as the tyre suppliers may advise or, in the absence
of advice which achieves the FIA's objectives, specify the maximum permissible contact areas
for front and rear tyres.
25.2 Type of tyres :
a) All dry-weather tyres must incorporate circumferential grooves square to the wheel axis and around
the entire circumference of the contact surface of each tyre.
b) Each front dry-weather tyre, when new, must incorporate 4 grooves which are :
- arranged symmetrically about the centre of the tyre tread ;
- at least 14mm wide at the contact surface and which taper uniformly to a minimum of 10mm at
the lower surface;
- at least 2.5mm deep across the whole lower surface ;
- 50mm (+/- 1.0mm) between centres.
Furthermore, the tread width of the front tyres must not exceed 270mm.
c) Each rear dry-weather tyre, when new, must incorporate 4 grooves which are:
- arranged symmetrically about the centre of the tyre tread ;
- at least 14mm wide at the contact surface and which taper uniformly to a minimum of 10mm at
the lower surface ;
- at least 2.5mm deep across the whole lower surface ;
- 50mm (+/- 1.0mm) between centres.
The measurements referred to in b) and c) above will be taken when the tyre is fitted to a wheel and
inflated to 1.4 bar.
d) A wet-weather tyre is one which has been designed for use on a wet or damp track.
All wet-weather tyres must, when new, have a contact area which does not exceed 280cm² when
fitted to the front of the car and 440cm² when fitted to the rear. Contact areas will be measured over
any square section of the tyre which is normal to and symmetrical about the tyre centre line and
which measures 200mm x 200mm when fitted to the front of the car and 250mm x 250mm when
fitted to the rear. For the purposes of establishing conformity, void areas which are less than 2.5mm
in depth will be deemed to be contact areas.
Prior to use at an Event, each tyre manufacturer must provide the technical delegate with a full scale
drawing of each type of wet-weather tyre intended for use.
e) An extreme-weather tyre is one which has been designed for use on a wet track.
All extreme-weather tyres must, when new, have a contact area which does not exceed 240cm² when
fitted to the front of the car and 375cm² when fitted to the rear. Contact areas will be measured over
any square section of the tyre which is normal to and symmetrical about the tyre centre line and
which measures 200mm x 200mm when fitted to the front of the car and 250mm x 250mm when
fitted to the rear. For the purposes of establishing conformity, void areas which are less than 5.0mm
in depth will be deemed to be contact areas.
Prior to use at an Event, each tyre manufacturer must provide the technical delegate with a full scale
drawing of each type of extreme-weather tyre intended for use.
f) Tyre specifications will be determined by the FIA no later than 1 September of the previous season.
Once determined in this way, the specification of the tyres will not be changed during the
Championship season without the agreement of the Formula One Commission.
25.3 Quantity of tyres :
During the Event no driver may use more than fourteen sets of dry-weather tyres, five sets of wet-weather
tyres and four sets of extreme-weather tyres.
No driver may use more than two sets of each specification of dry-weather tyre during P1 and P2.
No driver may use more than one set of wet and one set of extreme-weather tyres during P1 and P2.
A set of tyres will be deemed to comprise two front and two rear tyres all of which must be of the same
specification.
25.4 Control of tyres :
a) The outer sidewall of all tyres which are to be used at an Event must be marked with a unique
identification.
b) Other than in cases of force majeure (accepted as such by the stewards of the meeting), all tyres
intended for use at an Event must be presented to the FIA technical delegate for allocation prior to
the end of initial scrutineering.
c) At any time during an Event, and at his absolute discretion, the FIA technical delegate may select
alternative dry-weather tyres to be used by any team or driver from among the relevant stock of tyres
which such team's designated supplier has present at the Event.
d) A competitor wishing to replace one unused tyre by another identical unused one must present both
tyres to the FIA technical delegate.
e) The use of tyres without appropriate identification may result in deletion of the relevant driver’s
qualifying time or exclusion from the race.
f) The only permitted type of tyre heating devices are blankets which use resistive heating elements.
25.5 Use of tyres
a) Each team will be allocated eight sets of dry-weather tyres, four of each specification, for use during
P1 and P2. These are the only dry-weather tyres which may be used during these sessions and must
be returned to the tyre supplier before the start of P3.
b) Each driver will be allocated ten further sets of dry-weather tyres, five of each specification, for use
during the remainder of the Event. However, one set of each specification must be returned to the
tyre supplier before the start of the qualifying practice session and may not be used during the
remainder of the Event.
c) Each team will be allocated two sets of wet and two sets of extreme-weather tyres for use during P1
and P2. These are the only wet and extreme-weather tyres which may be used during these sessions
and, unless they remain unused, must be returned to the tyre supplier before the start of P3.
d) Each driver will be allocated four further sets of wet-weather tyres and three sets of extreme-weather
tyres for use during the remainder of the Event. Unused wet or extreme-weather tyres which were
allocated for use during P1 and P2 may form part of this allocation.
e) Prior to the start of the qualifying practice session wet and extreme-weather tyres may only be used
after the track has been declared wet by the race director, following which extreme, wet or dryweather
tyres may be used for the remainder of the session.
f) Unless he has used wet or extreme-weather tyres during the race, each driver must use at least one
set of each specification of dry-weather tyres during the race.
25.6 Wear of tyres :
The Championship will be contested on grooved tyres. The FIA reserve the right to introduce at any time a
method of measuring remaining groove depth if performance appears to be enhanced by high wear or by
the use of tyres which are worn so that the grooves are no longer visible.
25.5 Use of tyres:
a) Each team will be allocated eight sets of dry-weather tyres, four of each specification, for use during P1 and P2. These are the only dry-weather tyres which may be used during these sessions and must be returned to the tyre supplier before the start of P3.
b) Each driver will be allocated ten further sets of dry-weather tyres, five of each specification, for use during the remainder of the Event. However, one set of each specification must be returned to the tyre supplier before the start of the qualifying practice session and may not be used during the remainder of the Event.
c) Each team will be allocated two sets of wet and two sets of extreme-weather tyres for use during P1 and P2. These are the only wet and extreme-weather tyres which may be used during these sessions and, unless they remain unused, must be returned to the tyre supplier before the start of P3.
d) Each driver will be allocated four further sets of wet-weather tyres and three sets of extreme-weather tyres for use during the remainder of the Event. Unused wet or extreme-weather tyres which were allocated for use during P1 and P2 may form part of this allocation.
e) Prior to the start of the qualifying practice session wet and extreme-weather tyres may only be used after the track has been declared wet by the race director, following which extreme, wet or dryweather tyres may be used for the remainder of the session.
f) Unless he has used wet or extreme-weather tyres during the race, each driver must use at least one set of each specification of dry-weather tyres during the race.
輪胎規則複誦......
・前後輪胎都必須有四條溝........
・後輪在去除空力組件的平面圖上...必須是在車體的外側........
・只限四輪......
・輪圈必須全部是金屬材.....
・前輪寬度305mm以上355mm以下....後輪寬度365mm以上380mm以下....
・直徑乾地胎660mm以下....濕地胎670mm以下....
・車身尺寸是以新胎在胎壓為1.4bar之下作測定.....
・輪圈外緣(wheel bead)尺寸328mm以上332mm以下
引擎.....
以2006年最終版本為基礎.....在賽季之前向FIA提出規格....審查通過則可以採用.....然後根據這個凍結整個賽季當中不得再發展.........還有這個引擎要用到2010年為止.......
凍結引擎開發為期四年...2010年為止...
homologation認證引擎...2007年技術規定之附則第四項的定義是:
"2006年10月8日以前向FIA所提出申請的引擎..2006年之完賽兩場的引擎...如果未能申請之車隊..在2006年10月22日(巴西站決賽當天)提出即可.."....
所以並不一定是2006年最後兩場比賽的引擎...而是之前穩定性較高的引擎也可....
實際上各引擎廠商如果最後兩場比賽未能完賽的話....總之就把前面土耳其和義大利站的所使用的引擎先加上封條........然後以此引擎為基礎來制造2007年的引擎......
不能改良的部份主要是引擎汽缸體(engine block)和汽缸頭(engine head)......
其他如進排氣系統及燃燒室...凸輪軸...進排氣汽門....活塞之形狀之零部件..則可以修改..在2007年3月1日以前提出2007年賽季引擎即可......(改良細節參考FIA網站)
也就是說...還是給予車隊相當程度的空間.....
所以並不是就原封不動用2006年的老引擎......而是每年都給予小改良空間.........
*引擎轉速也限制為一萬九千rpm...(約700隻瑪麗)....
和去年一樣一具引擎要比兩站....可是星期五使用的引擎除外.......就算更換引擎也不會被罰..........但是跟去年一樣..如果星期六星期日換的話....就要罰排位退後十位起跑..........
關於一具引擎要賽兩站這件事.....其實大車隊在很早之前發展引擎的模式......早已經是每站賽後都要分解整個引擎....然後一一精密檢查每個零件的磨耗及損傷程度....有試驗性的零件的話..還要取其磨損之微米測量等等數據...隨著材料進展及技術提高....主要零部件其實都只是取數據但不會損壞...要不要改進也是研發部的事情....所以也只不過是分解檢查後就可以重新裝回去........對大車隊來說耐兩站其實不是問題.....但是對於購買別人引擎的小車隊而言.....數據都是委託引擎供應廠的開發責任.......零件有沒有問題車隊本身無法掌握太多....所以在零件的磨損或損壞之間...就更難拿捏.....這種引擎兩站制雖然美意是加強對大車隊每站換引擎的玩錢作法不無小補......但是對小車隊還是一個不利....我去年就想講.....但是根本沒時間.....雖然有點馬後泡...但是您在其他中文專業網也絕對看不到這樣的車評.........
所以雖然今後幾年恐怕都沒辦法再看到引擎瑪麗甚至整體賽車性能的大幅提高.......但是輪子是圓的.......我想大車隊憑藉著的技術仍然有恐怖的進展空間.....等著瞧唄........
引擎規格複誦:
只準使用四行程往復式引擎......
排氣量2400cc以下.....
・禁止使用機械增壓supercharge....
・汽缸規定八缸正圓.......
・最低重量95kg......
・引擎夾腳90度......
・每缸4汽門.....
再復習一下引擎規則變更始末......
2006年起變更為V8 2400cc....比起2005年3000cc少兩缸....馬力勢必"稍"降..
又由於2006年後半賽季早早又突破兩萬rpm....所以今年才加以限制在一萬九千轉......
為了阻止這些F1車的馬力大躍進.....FIA可說每年都不遺餘力"打壓"(別急著開罵..是良性打壓).....
八零年代盛極一時的渦輪引擎......渦壓引擎飛躍的引擎馬力(本田一千瑪麗)終於在1989年被禁止.......之後就只能玩自然吸氣至今....過去還有3500cc...3000cc......逐漸降為現在的2400cc....
車架......
以前的第三台備用車所謂之"T car"被禁止......變成一場比賽只能帶兩台車.....
如果車子突然壞掉的話.......必須要在賽車場邊用"速成班"組裝一台出來......
還有齒輪箱.....其齒比的變更在一場比賽也只準以一次為限......要是故障的要換齒輪箱的話...就罰他降五位..........
車架規格複誦:
必須通過撞擊測試(crash test).........所以必須多制造一台貴三三的碳纖維車架給FIA撞得稀八爛.............比賽結束後還要接受FIA鑽心取樣驗車.......
現在引擎不能玩了.....接下來空力發展的壓力更重大了....
排位預賽車重必須達到605kg.....其餘則為600kg.........
星期五賽程session....
星期五之free練習........以前是六十分鐘2次....延長為九十分鐘兩次..........
根據上述之賽車項目........無法使用第三台的賽車去跑..........但是第三車手可以使用兩台賽車任何一台去"練習"..............
*補充:
關於safty car出現時的規則.....在safety car出車訊息打出後..任何車都不得超越動作.......原本可以進pit加油換胎........不過.....今年必須等到pit lane open出現後才能進維修站...要不然會受罰十秒.....不過下起雨來要換胎......則可不罰..........
測試里程限制在3km以下........輪胎300套.......
要 有track signal information display............mechanical warning system.....
/
寫到這裡......第二站馬來西亞站也比完了...........
聽說明年還要玩統一的ECU電腦.......這下子traction control可能沒得作壁了........
工程師必須開發其他作弊管道了.........
赤道比賽真的不好玩........必須年輕一點的車手才忍受的了駕駛艙內五十度以上高溫....誰能忍過脫水之苦......誰就是王....
法拉利+kimi出奇不意奪下首站勝利....按照以往歷史這是常有的事.....
阿龍嫂緊追其後.......但是第二站就討回來(現在積分第一了)...雖然展現兩屆世冠的風範.....拾回一點面子..不過可想而知衛冕壓力之大....
加上新人..一個新的黑人.....英國籍的漢米頓.....首次登板拿第三.....第二站又拿個亞軍.....那第三站........
冠軍嗎?..........
阿龍嫂絕不允許...即使是同隊"隊友".........
ps
FIA官網上看到雷諾車隊的R27後輪加了輪圈蓋...........但是雷諾車隊後來也說光提升空力也似乎於事無補........
FIA Rules & Regulations Sporting Regulations 2007
與往年一樣........不只是機器技術規則(technical regulation)層面......還有競賽規則(sporting regulation)都有修改........
----------
輪胎.......
之前也寫過2007輪胎規則..在米芝連退下之後.....形成"普通"胎獨家的one tire mack race........
乾地胎由普利私通供應兩種.......競爭趨緩而車隊研發成本得以降低.......但是有多項交叉規則如option tyre選配軟胎...使操控上在不同的用胎時段會有不同表現.......
一場比賽會有兩種軟硬規格乾地胎.......且一場比賽中軟硬兩種規格胎都要用...(雨天除外)....軟胎則加上白色胎紋線以供裁判辨識...
2007年輪胎修改內容....
修改一級方程式賽程中三天所使用的輪胎之規定...
由一台機器(俗稱"賽車")在三天當中共計使用七套胎(7 set).......改成星期五四套...星期六和星期日十套....總共十四套胎....
還有.....依天氣變化..可以使用濕地胎(wet tire)四套...雨胎extreme weather tire(大雨用的深溝胎)三套....... 這些是沿襲去年規定.......
(所謂的套set.....是指前輪2條........後輪2條共四條........)
制造之輪胎之compound配方有四種......但是一場比賽將只供應兩種........某些賽車場是使用選配輪胎(軟胎)........在其他的賽車場也可能會使用control tire(硬胎)............
*選配性輪胎"option"tire上要加上白線.....在巴林站中軟胎已看到胎面中央有一條白線.....
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那有人問如果前後軟硬不同(或左右?!)可不可以?.....嗯嗯.......尚待查證......也許下一站就有結果出現..........
我是還沒注意到McLaren車在巴林站的輪胎狀況.....目前為止似乎沒有消息指出FIA收到檢舉之新聞.......但也可能已經在檢討了?.....在有進一步消息前...只能說在觀察中...
不過如果以一套胎包括前二後二的話( 25.3條 Quantity of tyres:A set of tyres will be deemed to comprise two front and two rear tyres all of which must be of the same specification)......
要是嚴格硬要執法的話...這已經不合規定可能受罰......
不過目前的罰則只有說未標示才罰(25.4 Control of tyres:e)The use of tyres without appropriate identification may result in deletion of the relevant driver's qualifying time or exclusion from the race.)...
FIA Rules & Regulations Sporting Regulations 2007
|
| Tyres |
25) SUPPLY OF TYRES IN THE CHAMPIONSHIP AND TYRE LIMITATION DURING THE EVENT
25.1 Supply of tyres :
a) Any tyre company wishing to supply tyres to Formula One teams must notify the FIA of its intention to
do so no later than 1 January preceding the year during which such tyres will be supplied.
Any tyre company wishing to cease the supply of tyres to Formula One teams must notify the FIA of
its intention to do so no later than 1 January of the year preceding that in which such tyres were to be
supplied.
b) No tyre may be used in the Championship unless the company supplying such tyre accepts and
adheres to the following conditions :
- one tyre supplier present in the Championship : this company must equip 100% of the entered
teams on ordinary commercial terms and make available identical quantities and specifications
of tyres to all teams during a calendar year ;
- two tyre suppliers present : each of them must, if called upon to do so, be prepared to equip up
to 60% of the entered teams on ordinary commercial terms ;
- three or more tyre suppliers present : each of them must, if called upon to do so, be prepared to
equip up to 40% of the entered teams on ordinary commercial terms ;
- each tyre supplier must undertake to provide no more than two specifications of dry-weather
tyre at each Event, each of which must be of one homogenous compound and visibly
distinguishable from one another when a car is on the track. Any modification or treatment,
other than heating, carried out to a tyre or tyres will be considered a change of specification ;
- each tyre supplier must undertake to provide no more than one specification of wet-weather tyre
at each Event which must be of one homogenous compound ;
- each tyre supplier must undertake to provide no more than one specification of extreme-weather
tyre at each Event which must be of one homogenous compound ;
- if, in the interests of maintaining current levels of circuit safety, the FIA deems it necessary to
reduce tyre grip, it shall introduce such rules as the tyre suppliers may advise or, in the absence
of advice which achieves the FIA's objectives, specify the maximum permissible contact areas
for front and rear tyres.
25.2 Type of tyres :
a) All dry-weather tyres must incorporate circumferential grooves square to the wheel axis and around
the entire circumference of the contact surface of each tyre.
b) Each front dry-weather tyre, when new, must incorporate 4 grooves which are :
- arranged symmetrically about the centre of the tyre tread ;
- at least 14mm wide at the contact surface and which taper uniformly to a minimum of 10mm at
the lower surface;
- at least 2.5mm deep across the whole lower surface ;
- 50mm (+/- 1.0mm) between centres.
Furthermore, the tread width of the front tyres must not exceed 270mm.
c) Each rear dry-weather tyre, when new, must incorporate 4 grooves which are:
- arranged symmetrically about the centre of the tyre tread ;
- at least 14mm wide at the contact surface and which taper uniformly to a minimum of 10mm at
the lower surface ;
- at least 2.5mm deep across the whole lower surface ;
- 50mm (+/- 1.0mm) between centres.
The measurements referred to in b) and c) above will be taken when the tyre is fitted to a wheel and
inflated to 1.4 bar.
d) A wet-weather tyre is one which has been designed for use on a wet or damp track.
All wet-weather tyres must, when new, have a contact area which does not exceed 280cm² when
fitted to the front of the car and 440cm² when fitted to the rear. Contact areas will be measured over
any square section of the tyre which is normal to and symmetrical about the tyre centre line and
which measures 200mm x 200mm when fitted to the front of the car and 250mm x 250mm when
fitted to the rear. For the purposes of establishing conformity, void areas which are less than 2.5mm
in depth will be deemed to be contact areas.
Prior to use at an Event, each tyre manufacturer must provide the technical delegate with a full scale
drawing of each type of wet-weather tyre intended for use.
e) An extreme-weather tyre is one which has been designed for use on a wet track.
All extreme-weather tyres must, when new, have a contact area which does not exceed 240cm² when
fitted to the front of the car and 375cm² when fitted to the rear. Contact areas will be measured over
any square section of the tyre which is normal to and symmetrical about the tyre centre line and
which measures 200mm x 200mm when fitted to the front of the car and 250mm x 250mm when
fitted to the rear. For the purposes of establishing conformity, void areas which are less than 5.0mm
in depth will be deemed to be contact areas.
Prior to use at an Event, each tyre manufacturer must provide the technical delegate with a full scale
drawing of each type of extreme-weather tyre intended for use.
f) Tyre specifications will be determined by the FIA no later than 1 September of the previous season.
Once determined in this way, the specification of the tyres will not be changed during the
Championship season without the agreement of the Formula One Commission.
25.3 Quantity of tyres :
During the Event no driver may use more than fourteen sets of dry-weather tyres, five sets of wet-weather
tyres and four sets of extreme-weather tyres.
No driver may use more than two sets of each specification of dry-weather tyre during P1 and P2.
No driver may use more than one set of wet and one set of extreme-weather tyres during P1 and P2.
A set of tyres will be deemed to comprise two front and two rear tyres all of which must be of the same
specification.
25.4 Control of tyres :
a) The outer sidewall of all tyres which are to be used at an Event must be marked with a unique
identification.
b) Other than in cases of force majeure (accepted as such by the stewards of the meeting), all tyres
intended for use at an Event must be presented to the FIA technical delegate for allocation prior to
the end of initial scrutineering.
c) At any time during an Event, and at his absolute discretion, the FIA technical delegate may select
alternative dry-weather tyres to be used by any team or driver from among the relevant stock of tyres
which such team's designated supplier has present at the Event.
d) A competitor wishing to replace one unused tyre by another identical unused one must present both
tyres to the FIA technical delegate.
e) The use of tyres without appropriate identification may result in deletion of the relevant driver’s
qualifying time or exclusion from the race.
f) The only permitted type of tyre heating devices are blankets which use resistive heating elements.
25.5 Use of tyres
a) Each team will be allocated eight sets of dry-weather tyres, four of each specification, for use during
P1 and P2. These are the only dry-weather tyres which may be used during these sessions and must
be returned to the tyre supplier before the start of P3.
b) Each driver will be allocated ten further sets of dry-weather tyres, five of each specification, for use
during the remainder of the Event. However, one set of each specification must be returned to the
tyre supplier before the start of the qualifying practice session and may not be used during the
remainder of the Event.
c) Each team will be allocated two sets of wet and two sets of extreme-weather tyres for use during P1
and P2. These are the only wet and extreme-weather tyres which may be used during these sessions
and, unless they remain unused, must be returned to the tyre supplier before the start of P3.
d) Each driver will be allocated four further sets of wet-weather tyres and three sets of extreme-weather
tyres for use during the remainder of the Event. Unused wet or extreme-weather tyres which were
allocated for use during P1 and P2 may form part of this allocation.
e) Prior to the start of the qualifying practice session wet and extreme-weather tyres may only be used
after the track has been declared wet by the race director, following which extreme, wet or dryweather
tyres may be used for the remainder of the session.
f) Unless he has used wet or extreme-weather tyres during the race, each driver must use at least one
set of each specification of dry-weather tyres during the race.
25.6 Wear of tyres :
The Championship will be contested on grooved tyres. The FIA reserve the right to introduce at any time a
method of measuring remaining groove depth if performance appears to be enhanced by high wear or by
the use of tyres which are worn so that the grooves are no longer visible.
25.5 Use of tyres:
a) Each team will be allocated eight sets of dry-weather tyres, four of each specification, for use during P1 and P2. These are the only dry-weather tyres which may be used during these sessions and must be returned to the tyre supplier before the start of P3.
b) Each driver will be allocated ten further sets of dry-weather tyres, five of each specification, for use during the remainder of the Event. However, one set of each specification must be returned to the tyre supplier before the start of the qualifying practice session and may not be used during the remainder of the Event.
c) Each team will be allocated two sets of wet and two sets of extreme-weather tyres for use during P1 and P2. These are the only wet and extreme-weather tyres which may be used during these sessions and, unless they remain unused, must be returned to the tyre supplier before the start of P3.
d) Each driver will be allocated four further sets of wet-weather tyres and three sets of extreme-weather tyres for use during the remainder of the Event. Unused wet or extreme-weather tyres which were allocated for use during P1 and P2 may form part of this allocation.
e) Prior to the start of the qualifying practice session wet and extreme-weather tyres may only be used after the track has been declared wet by the race director, following which extreme, wet or dryweather tyres may be used for the remainder of the session.
f) Unless he has used wet or extreme-weather tyres during the race, each driver must use at least one set of each specification of dry-weather tyres during the race.
輪胎規則複誦......
・前後輪胎都必須有四條溝........
・後輪在去除空力組件的平面圖上...必須是在車體的外側........
・只限四輪......
・輪圈必須全部是金屬材.....
・前輪寬度305mm以上355mm以下....後輪寬度365mm以上380mm以下....
・直徑乾地胎660mm以下....濕地胎670mm以下....
・車身尺寸是以新胎在胎壓為1.4bar之下作測定.....
・輪圈外緣(wheel bead)尺寸328mm以上332mm以下
引擎.....
以2006年最終版本為基礎.....在賽季之前向FIA提出規格....審查通過則可以採用.....然後根據這個凍結整個賽季當中不得再發展.........還有這個引擎要用到2010年為止.......
凍結引擎開發為期四年...2010年為止...
homologation認證引擎...2007年技術規定之附則第四項的定義是:
"2006年10月8日以前向FIA所提出申請的引擎..2006年之完賽兩場的引擎...如果未能申請之車隊..在2006年10月22日(巴西站決賽當天)提出即可.."....
所以並不一定是2006年最後兩場比賽的引擎...而是之前穩定性較高的引擎也可....
實際上各引擎廠商如果最後兩場比賽未能完賽的話....總之就把前面土耳其和義大利站的所使用的引擎先加上封條........然後以此引擎為基礎來制造2007年的引擎......
不能改良的部份主要是引擎汽缸體(engine block)和汽缸頭(engine head)......
其他如進排氣系統及燃燒室...凸輪軸...進排氣汽門....活塞之形狀之零部件..則可以修改..在2007年3月1日以前提出2007年賽季引擎即可......(改良細節參考FIA網站)
也就是說...還是給予車隊相當程度的空間.....
所以並不是就原封不動用2006年的老引擎......而是每年都給予小改良空間.........
*引擎轉速也限制為一萬九千rpm...(約700隻瑪麗)....
和去年一樣一具引擎要比兩站....可是星期五使用的引擎除外.......就算更換引擎也不會被罰..........但是跟去年一樣..如果星期六星期日換的話....就要罰排位退後十位起跑..........
關於一具引擎要賽兩站這件事.....其實大車隊在很早之前發展引擎的模式......早已經是每站賽後都要分解整個引擎....然後一一精密檢查每個零件的磨耗及損傷程度....有試驗性的零件的話..還要取其磨損之微米測量等等數據...隨著材料進展及技術提高....主要零部件其實都只是取數據但不會損壞...要不要改進也是研發部的事情....所以也只不過是分解檢查後就可以重新裝回去........對大車隊來說耐兩站其實不是問題.....但是對於購買別人引擎的小車隊而言.....數據都是委託引擎供應廠的開發責任.......零件有沒有問題車隊本身無法掌握太多....所以在零件的磨損或損壞之間...就更難拿捏.....這種引擎兩站制雖然美意是加強對大車隊每站換引擎的玩錢作法不無小補......但是對小車隊還是一個不利....我去年就想講.....但是根本沒時間.....雖然有點馬後泡...但是您在其他中文專業網也絕對看不到這樣的車評.........
所以雖然今後幾年恐怕都沒辦法再看到引擎瑪麗甚至整體賽車性能的大幅提高.......但是輪子是圓的.......我想大車隊憑藉著的技術仍然有恐怖的進展空間.....等著瞧唄........
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引擎規格複誦:
只準使用四行程往復式引擎......
排氣量2400cc以下.....
・禁止使用機械增壓supercharge....
・汽缸規定八缸正圓.......
・最低重量95kg......
・引擎夾腳90度......
・每缸4汽門.....
再復習一下引擎規則變更始末......
2006年起變更為V8 2400cc....比起2005年3000cc少兩缸....馬力勢必"稍"降..
又由於2006年後半賽季早早又突破兩萬rpm....所以今年才加以限制在一萬九千轉......
為了阻止這些F1車的馬力大躍進.....FIA可說每年都不遺餘力"打壓"(別急著開罵..是良性打壓).....
八零年代盛極一時的渦輪引擎......渦壓引擎飛躍的引擎馬力(本田一千瑪麗)終於在1989年被禁止.......之後就只能玩自然吸氣至今....過去還有3500cc...3000cc......逐漸降為現在的2400cc....
車架......
以前的第三台備用車所謂之"T car"被禁止......變成一場比賽只能帶兩台車.....
如果車子突然壞掉的話.......必須要在賽車場邊用"速成班"組裝一台出來......
還有齒輪箱.....其齒比的變更在一場比賽也只準以一次為限......要是故障的要換齒輪箱的話...就罰他降五位..........
車架規格複誦:
必須通過撞擊測試(crash test).........所以必須多制造一台貴三三的碳纖維車架給FIA撞得稀八爛.............比賽結束後還要接受FIA鑽心取樣驗車.......
現在引擎不能玩了.....接下來空力發展的壓力更重大了....
排位預賽車重必須達到605kg.....其餘則為600kg.........
星期五賽程session....
星期五之free練習........以前是六十分鐘2次....延長為九十分鐘兩次..........
根據上述之賽車項目........無法使用第三台的賽車去跑..........但是第三車手可以使用兩台賽車任何一台去"練習"..............
*補充:
關於safty car出現時的規則.....在safety car出車訊息打出後..任何車都不得超越動作.......原本可以進pit加油換胎........不過.....今年必須等到pit lane open出現後才能進維修站...要不然會受罰十秒.....不過下起雨來要換胎......則可不罰..........
測試里程限制在3km以下........輪胎300套.......
要 有track signal information display............mechanical warning system.....
/
寫到這裡......第二站馬來西亞站也比完了...........
聽說明年還要玩統一的ECU電腦.......這下子traction control可能沒得作壁了........
工程師必須開發其他作弊管道了.........
赤道比賽真的不好玩........必須年輕一點的車手才忍受的了駕駛艙內五十度以上高溫....誰能忍過脫水之苦......誰就是王....
法拉利+kimi出奇不意奪下首站勝利....按照以往歷史這是常有的事.....
阿龍嫂緊追其後.......但是第二站就討回來(現在積分第一了)...雖然展現兩屆世冠的風範.....拾回一點面子..不過可想而知衛冕壓力之大....
加上新人..一個新的黑人.....英國籍的漢米頓.....首次登板拿第三.....第二站又拿個亞軍.....那第三站........
冠軍嗎?..........
阿龍嫂絕不允許...即使是同隊"隊友".........
ps
FIA官網上看到雷諾車隊的R27後輪加了輪圈蓋...........但是雷諾車隊後來也說光提升空力也似乎於事無補........
FIA Rules & Regulations Sporting Regulations 2007 | |||
| 2007 season changes | |||
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| A number of changes to both the Sporting and Technical Regulations have been made by the FIA for the 2007 Formula One season. Engines Engines homologated and used during the last two races of 2006 must now be used during the 2007, 2008, 2009 and 2010 seasons. Although this move, designed to cut development costs, has been widely described as an 'engine freeze', some limited development work will be allowed. This will, however, be strictly controlled by the FIA. Engines are rev-limited to 19,000rpm. The two-race engine rule will no longer apply to Friday practice sessions. This means any driver starting a meeting with a fresh engine will not be penalised for an early failure. It also means drivers may opt to use alternative engines on Fridays and save their race engines for the remainder of the weekend. Weekend schedule In a slight change to the Grand Prix weekend format, Friday's two practice sessions have been extended from 60 to 90 minutes each. Tyres With Bridgestone becoming Formula One racing's sole supplier for 2007, each team will receive only two specifications of tyre per event. However, they will get more sets - four per driver on the Friday and ten for the remainder of the weekend. Each driver must use both specifications during the race and a white groove on the tread of the softer compound will allow spectators to easily distinguish which tyre a driver is using at any time. Safety car In 2007, safety car regulations have been modified to prevent drivers diving for the pits the minute the safety car comes onto the circuit, and to stop backmarkers interfering with the leaders during a race restart. No car is allowed to enter the pits until the field is bunched up behind the safety car and before the safety car returns to the pit any lapped car running between cars on the lead lap must overtake those cars and the safety car before taking up their correct position at the back. Friday Practice Third cars will no longer be allowed, but all teams are now permitted to run one alternative test driver in each Friday session. The alternative driver must be nominated beforehand and may use either of the team's race cars. Safety A GPS marshalling system, involving a cockpit light display of flag signals in each driver's car, is being introduced. This will allow Race Control to alert drivers to potential hazards more effectively. All cars must also now be fitted with a medical warning light just ahead of the driver's cockpit. This is to provide rescue crews with an immediate indication of the severity of the accident and is connected to the FIA data logger. The crash tests that Formula One cars must pass have been made more stringent. The velocity used in the frontal impact test has been increased from 14m/s to 15m/s, while the minimum size for the impact-absorbing structure has also been raised. In addition, the driver’s cockpit must now be clad in special anti-penetration panels made of Zylon. An additional five kilograms has been added to the car’s minimum weight requirement to offset the weight of the panels. |
Renault R27 - nosecone winglets
http://www.formula1.com/news/technical/2007/0/385.html
02 March 2007
It is not the first time the R27 has sported 'ears' (arrow) on its nosecone, but it seems likely, after the new additions appeared once again in Bahrain, they have become a permanent fixture. Designed to improve airflow management around the cockpit and reduce turbulence, these horn-like winglets are positioned halfway between the front axle and the cockpit and bend upwards, extending outwards by 25 centimetres. They are designed to split the airflow into two parts, with the lower flow directed to the sidepod inlets and the upper flow towards the rear wing.
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